location MINE
DATE 28 October 2015 - 26 April 2016
The exhibition introduces the entire technological process related to blasting operations in surface and underground mining, in the past and today.
The equipment necessary to make blast holes: drill, chisel and drills will be presented; accessories used for placing loads in the opening, containers and boxes for carrying them; explosives used in the past and now, as well as means of initiating the explosion: primers, detonators and fuses, and finally the equipment necessary to check the correct execution of the blasting circuit and finally a wide selection of igniters necessary for firing explosive charges loaded in the blast holes. A summary of this issue will be the arranged blasting station in the mine.

Interesting exhibits are also used in coal mining in the 1950s so-called Cardox cartridges, i.e. devices for flameless coal grinding using carbon dioxide, as well as a perforating and fracturing device used in oil mining. in order to increase the oil supply to the well. The exhibition will also address research topics devoted to explosives presenting research methods conducted by the "Barbara" Experimental Mine and the AGH University of Science and Technology. Complementing the topic will be archival and contemporary photos and videos illustrating the process of conducting shooting work in underground and surface mines.


The adventure with explosives goes back to the 9th century, when black powder was invented in China. It consisted of saltpeter, charcoal and sulfur. It was used in mining only in the 17th century. It was used for the first time in 1627 in the mining district of Banská Štiavnica. The technique of mining a rock mass with its help was not the safest. There was often poisoning with gunshot gases, and the dust itself quickly became wet. The invention of nitroglycerine in 1847 by Ascanio Sobrero and gunpowder fuse by William Bickford proved to be a milestone. On this basis, the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel received an explosive called dynamite in 1867. To make it explode, you also needed a detonator and a fuze, whose creator and inventor was also A. Nobel.

In Wieliczka mine, the first tests with gunpowder were made in 1743, and its regular use dates back to 1776, when the salinary authorities ordered the use of shooting technique in the ancestors of hollow sidewalks. In the second half of the 19th century this material was used in all types of excavations. Dynamite ('Wetterdynnamon') was brought to the mine just before the outbreak of World War I. Explosives have been used in mining to this day. It is mainly used by opencast, copper, zinc, lead and salt mines. They consume over 99% a year, or 31 million kilograms of all explosives used in the economy.
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